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Comoros Physical Map

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Physical Map: Defined
In addition to country borders, major cities and significant bodies of water, Physical Maps indicate the location of landforms like deserts, mountains and plains. This type of map also displays major cities and regions. Physical Maps are commonly used to see elevation and land contours as well as major rivers and lakes.
Comoros

page last updated on November 10, 2011


Introduction :: Comoros
Background:
 
Comoros has endured more than 20 coups or attempted coups since gaining independence from France in 1975. In 1997, the islands of Anjouan and Moheli declared independence from Comoros. In 1999, military chief Col. AZALI seized power in a bloodless coup, and helped negotiate the 2000 Fomboni Accords power-sharing agreement in which the federal presidency rotates among the three islands, and each island maintains its own local government. AZALI won the 2002 presidential election, and each island in the archipelago elected its own president. AZALI stepped down in 2006 and President SAMBI was elected to office. In 2007, Mohamed BACAR effected Anjouan's de-facto secession from the Union, refusing to step down in favor of fresh Anjouanais elections when Comoros' other islands held legitimate elections in July. The African Union (AU) initially attempted to resolve the political crisis by applying sanctions and a naval blockade on Anjouan, but in March 2008, AU and Comoran soldiers seized the island. The move was generally welcomed by the island's inhabitants.
 
Geography :: Comoros
Location:
 
Southern Africa, group of islands at the northern mouth of the Mozambique Channel, about two-thirds of the way between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique
Geographic coordinates:
 
12 10 S, 44 15 E
Area:
 
total: 2,235 sq km
country comparison to the world: 180
land: 2,235 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative:
 
slightly more than 12 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
 
0 km
Coastline:
 
340 km
Maritime claims:
 
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate:
 
tropical marine; rainy season (November to May)
Terrain:
 
volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills
Elevation extremes:
 
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Karthala 2,360 m
Natural resources:
 
NEGL
Land use:
 
arable land: 35.87%
permanent crops: 23.32%
other: 40.81% (2005)
Irrigated land:
 
NA
Total renewable water resources:
 
1.2 cu km (2003)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
 
total: 0.01 cu km/yr (48%/5%/47%)
per capita: 13 cu m/yr (1999)
Natural hazards:
 
cyclones possible during rainy season (December to April); volcanic activity on Grand Comore
volcanism: Karthala (elev. 2,361 m) on Grand Comore Island last erupted in 2007; a 2005 eruption forced thousands of people to be evacuated and produced a large ash cloud
Environment - current issues:
 
soil degradation and erosion results from crop cultivation on slopes without proper terracing; deforestation
Environment - international agreements:
 
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
 
important location at northern end of Mozambique Channel
 
People and Society :: Comoros
Nationality:
 
noun: Comoran(s)
adjective: Comoran
Ethnic groups:
 
Antalote, Cafre, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava
Languages:
 
Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (a blend of Swahili and Arabic)
Religions:
 
Sunni Muslim 98%, Roman Catholic 2%
Population:
 
794,683 (July 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
Age structure:
 
0-14 years: 41.6% (male 166,141/female 164,788)
15-64 years: 55.3% (male 217,046/female 222,093)
65 years and over: 3.1% (male 11,053/female 13,562) (2011 est.)
Median age:
 
total: 19 years
male: 18.7 years
female: 19.3 years (2011 est.)
Population growth rate:
 
2.696% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
Birth rate:
 
34.19 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33
Death rate:
 
7.23 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 123
Net migration rate:
 
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 83
Urbanization:
 
urban population: 28% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 2.8% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major cities - population:
 
MORONI (capital) 49,000 (2009)
Sex ratio:
 
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
 
340 deaths/100,000 live births (2008)
country comparison to the world: 43
Infant mortality rate:
 
total: 62.63 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 28
male: 70.3 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 54.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
 
total population: 64.2 years
country comparison to the world: 172
male: 61.76 years
female: 66.72 years (2011 est.)
Total fertility rate:
 
4.72 children born/woman (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 28
Health expenditures:
 
3.4% of GDP (2009)
country comparison to the world: 173
Physicians density:
 
0.15 physicians/1,000 population (2004)
country comparison to the world: 157
Hospital bed density:
 
2.2 beds/1,000 population (2006)
country comparison to the world: 93
Drinking water source:
 
improved:
urban: 91% of population
rural: 97% of population
total: 95% of population
unimproved:
urban: 9% of population
rural: 3% of population
total: 5% of population (2008)
Sanitation facility access:
 
improved:
urban: 50% of population
rural: 30% of population
total: 36% of population
unimproved:
urban: 50% of population
rural: 70% of population
total: 64% of population (2008)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
 
0.1% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 118
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
 
fewer than 500 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
 
fewer than 100 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 144
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
 
25% (2000)
country comparison to the world: 26
Education expenditures:
 
7.6% of GDP (2008)
country comparison to the world: 13
Literacy:
 
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 56.5%
male: 63.6%
female: 49.3% (2003 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
 
total: 11 years
male: 12 years
female: 10 years (2005)
 

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