Population:
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90,873,739 (July 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 13
note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 46.3% (male 20,990,369/female 21,067,961)
15-64 years:
51% (male 22,707,235/female 23,682,385)
65 years and over:
2.7% (male 1,037,488/female 1,388,301) (2011 est.)
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Median age:
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total: 16.8 years
male:
16.5 years
female:
17.1 years (2011 est.)
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Population growth rate:
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3.194% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 8
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Birth rate:
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42.99 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 6
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Death rate:
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11.04 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 37
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Net migration rate:
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-0.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population
country comparison to the world: 115
note:
repatriation of Ethiopian refugees residing in Sudan is expected to continue for several years; some Sudanese, Somali, and Eritrean refugees, who fled to Ethiopia from the fighting or famine in their own countries, continue to return to their homes (2011 est.)
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Urbanization:
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urban population: 17% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization:
3.8% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
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Major cities - population:
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ADDIS ABABA (capital) 2.863 million (2009)
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female
15-64 years:
0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female
total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 77.12 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 17
male:
88.03 deaths/1,000 live births
female:
65.88 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 56.19 years
country comparison to the world: 195
male:
53.64 years
female:
58.81 years (2011 est.)
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Total fertility rate:
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6.02 children born/woman (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA
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Major infectious diseases:
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degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases:
bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases:
malaria
respiratory disease:
meningococcal meningitis
animal contact disease:
rabies
water contact disease:
schistosomiasis (2009)
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Drinking water source:
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improved:
urban: 98% of population
rural: 26% of population
total: 38% of population
unimproved:
urban: 2% of population
rural: 74% of population
total: 62% of population (2008)
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Sanitation facility access:
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improved:
urban: 29% of population
rural: 8% of population
total: 12% of population
unimproved:
urban: 71% of population
rural: 92% of population
total: 88% of population (2008)
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Nationality:
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noun: Ethiopian(s)
adjective:
Ethiopian
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Ethnic groups:
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Oromo 34.5%, Amara 26.9%, Somalie 6.2%, Tigraway 6.1%, Sidama 4%, Guragie 2.5%, Welaita 2.3%, Hadiya 1.7%, Affar 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, other 11.3% (2007 Census)
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Religions:
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Orthodox 43.5%, Muslim 33.9%, Protestant 18.6%, traditional 2.6%, Catholic 0.7%, other 0.7% (2007 Census)
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Languages:
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Amarigna (Amharic) (official) 32.7%, Oromigna (official regional) 31.6%, Tigrigna (official regional) 6.1%, Somaligna 6%, Guaragigna 3.5%, Sidamigna 3.5%, Hadiyigna 1.7%, other 14.8%, English (official) (major foreign language taught in schools), Arabic (official) (1994 census)
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
42.7%
male:
50.3%
female:
35.1% (2003 est.)
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School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
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total: 8 years
male:
9 years
female:
8 years (2008)
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Education expenditures:
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5.5% of GDP (2007)
country comparison to the world: 42
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