Trinidad and Tobago Physical Map

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Physical Map: Defined
In addition to country borders, major cities and significant bodies of water, Physical Maps indicate the location of landforms like deserts, mountains and plains. This type of map also displays major cities and regions. Physical Maps are commonly used to see elevation and land contours as well as major rivers and lakes.
Trinidad and Tobago

page last updated on September 26, 2011


Introduction :: Trinidad and Tobago
Background:
 
First colonized by the Spanish, the islands came under British control in the early 19th century. The islands' sugar industry was hurt by the emancipation of the slaves in 1834. Manpower was replaced with the importation of contract laborers from India between 1845 and 1917, which boosted sugar production as well as the cocoa industry. The discovery of oil on Trinidad in 1910 added another important export. Independence was attained in 1962. The country is one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean thanks largely to petroleum and natural gas production and processing. Tourism, mostly in Tobago, is targeted for expansion and is growing. The government is coping with a rise in violent crime.
Geography :: Trinidad and Tobago
Location:
 
Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela
 
Geographic coordinates:
 
11 00 N, 61 00 W
 
Map references:
 
Central America and the Caribbean
 
Area:
 
total: 5,128 sq km
country comparison to the world: 174
land: 5,128 sq km
water: 0 sq km
 
Area - comparative:
 
slightly smaller than Delaware
 
Land boundaries:
 
0 km
 
Coastline:
 
362 km
 
Maritime claims:
 
measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental margin
 
Climate:
 
tropical; rainy season (June to December)
 
Terrain:
 
mostly plains with some hills and low mountains
 
Elevation extremes:
 
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: El Cerro del Aripo 940 m
 
Natural resources:
 
petroleum, natural gas, asphalt
 
Land use:
 
arable land: 14.62%
permanent crops: 9.16%
other: 76.22% (2005)
 
Irrigated land:
 
70 sq km (2008)
 
Total renewable water resources:
 
3.8 cu km (2000)
 
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
 
total: 0.31 cu km/yr (68%/26%/6%)
per capita: 237 cu m/yr (2000)
 
Natural hazards:
 
outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms
 
Environment - current issues:
 
water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion
 
Environment - international agreements:
 
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
 
Geography - note:
 
Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt
People :: Trinidad and Tobago
Population:
 
1,227,505 (July 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
 
Age structure:
 
0-14 years: 19.5% (male 122,044/female 116,859)
15-64 years: 72.1% (male 455,148/female 429,990)
65 years and over: 8.4% (male 44,439/female 59,025) (2011 est.)
 
Median age:
 
total: 33.1 years
male: 32.6 years
female: 33.6 years (2011 est.)
 
Population growth rate:
 
-0.087% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 204
 
Birth rate:
 
14.35 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 142
 
Death rate:
 
8.29 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 90
 
Net migration rate:
 
-6.93 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 202
 
Urbanization:
 
urban population: 14% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
 
Major cities - population:
 
PORT-OF-SPAIN (capital) 57,000 (2009)
 
Sex ratio:
 
at birth: 1.028 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
 
Infant mortality rate:
 
total: 27.69 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 73
male: 28.93 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 26.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)
 
Life expectancy at birth:
 
total population: 71.37 years
country comparison to the world: 135
male: 68.51 years
female: 74.3 years (2011 est.)
 
Total fertility rate:
 
1.72 children born/woman (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 165
 
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
 
1.5% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 35
 
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
 
15,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 85
 
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
 
fewer than 1,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 79
 
Drinking water source:
 
improved:
urban: 98% of population
rural: 93% of population
total: 34% of population
unimproved:
urban: 2% of population
rural: 7% of population
total: 6% of population (2008)
 
Sanitation facility access:
 
improved:
urban: 92% of population
rural: 92% of population
total: 92% of population
unimproved:
urban: 8% of population
rural: 8% of population
total: 8% of population (2008)
 
Nationality:
 
noun: Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s)
adjective: Trinidadian, Tobagonian
 
Ethnic groups:
 
Indian (South Asian) 40%, African 37.5%, mixed 20.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.8% (2000 census)
 
Religions:
 
Roman Catholic 26%, Hindu 22.5%, Anglican 7.8%, Baptist 7.2%, Pentecostal 6.8%, Muslim 5.8%, Seventh Day Adventist 4%, other Christian 5.8%, other 10.8%, unspecified 1.4%, none 1.9% (2000 census)
 
Languages:
 
English (official), Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), French, Spanish, Chinese
 
Literacy:
 
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98.6%
male: 99.1%
female: 98% (2003 est.)
 
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
 
total: 12 years
male: 11 years
female: 12 years (2007)
 
Education expenditures:
 
NA
 
People - note:
 
in 2007, the government of Trinidad and Tobago estimated the population to be 1.3 million

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